ultramarin marine translations

ultramarin.online
	Middle-Levelkanalen		regionaal netwerk van bevaarbare afwateringskanalen in de zog. Fens, een veengebied in Oost-Engeland. De kanalen die met de rivieren Great Ouse en Nene zijn verbonden kregen hun naam van de Hollandse ingenieur Cornelius Wasterdyk Vermuiden (1595-1677) die de techniek in Engeland invoerde. Plannen om het laagland te ontginnen werden al in de 1480er jaren gemaakt. Toen werd met een doorsteek de loop van de rivier Nene afgekort. Nadat onder de leiding van Vermuiden het grotere gedeelte van het netwerk was ontstaan, werden in de loop van de volgende eeuwen steeds opnieuw werkzamheden uitgevoerd om het systeem te verbeteren of te onderhouden. Net als op andere kanalen ging het verkeer over water met de bouw van het spoor achteruit. Maar men begon al snel na de Tweede Wereldoorlog met het herstellen van de bevaarbaarheid op de Middle Level Navigations.
	Middle-Level-Fahrt		regionales Netz aus schiffbaren Entwässerungskanälen in den sog. Fens, einem Marschland in Ostengland. Ihren Namen erhielten die Kanäle, die mit den Flüssen Great Ouse und Nene verbunden sind, vom holländischen Ingenieur Cornelius Wasterdyk Vermuiden (1595-1677), der die Technik der Landgewinnung nach England einführte. Pläne, das Tiefland urbar zu machen, reichen bis in die 1480er Jahre, als mit einem Durchstich der Ablauf des Nene abgekürzt wurde. Nachdem unter der Leitung von Vermuiden der größere Teil des Netzes entstand, wurden in den folgenden Jahrhunderten immer wieder Arbeiten durchgeführt, um das System zu verbessern oder aufrechtzuerhalten. Wie auf allen Kanälen ließ der Verkehr mit dem Bau der Eisenbahn stark nach. Schon kurz nach dem 2. Weltkrieg begann man aber mit der Wiederherstellung der Schiffbarkeit auf den Middle Level Navigations.
	Middle Level Navigations		a regional network of navigable drains in the Fens of East England. The canals which connect to the rivers Great Ouse and Nene were named so by the Dutch engineer Cornelius Wasterdyk Vermuiden (1595-1677) who brought the technology of land reclamation to England. Plans to cultivate the lowland go back to the 1480es when a cut shortened the run of the River Nene. After Wasterdyk had constructed the greater part of the system it was constantly maintained and improved in the centuries that followed. Like on all canals traffic decreased due to the railway. However, already after WWII repairs on the canals were carried out to restore and secure navigation on the canals.
	Middle Level Navigations

no	name	mile	from <> to max. length x beam ft (m)	connections / branches max. draught cm
	Middle Level Navigation
	King's Dyke	4.3	Whittlesey Bridge <> Stanground Sluice	MLN Whittlesey Dyke River Nene - Stanground Branch
			72 x 13 (22 x 3,96)
	Whittlesey Bridge	0.0		MLN Whittlesey Dyke
	Stanground Sluice	4.3		River Nene - Stanground Branch
	Whittlesey Dyke	6.1	Whittlesey Dyke Junction <> Whittlesey Bridge	MLN Old River Nene MLN Bevill's Leam Angle Corner to Pumping Station MLN Twenty Foot River MLN King's Dyke
			60 x 13 (18,3 x 3,96)
	Whittlesey Dyke Junction	0.0		MLN Old River Nene
	Angle Corner	3.3		MLN Bevill's Leam: Angle C.-Pumping St. MLN Twenty Foot River
1	Ashline Sluice	5.6
	Whittlesey Bridge	6.1		MLN King's Dyke
	Bevill's Leam Angle Corner to Pumping Station	4.9	Bevill's Leam Pumping Station <> Angle Corner	MLN Whittlesey Dyke MLN Twenty Foot River
			72 x 13 (22 x 3,96)
	Bevill's Leam Pumping Station	0.0		--end of navigation--
	Angle Corner	4.9		MLN Whittlesey Dyke MLN Twenty Foot River
	Bevill's Leam Mere Mouth to Pumping Station	0.1	Bevill's Leam Pumping Station <> Bevill's Leam-Black Ham Drain Jct	MLN Black Ham Drain MLN Old River Nene
			72 x 13 (22 x 3,96)
	Bevill's Leam Pumping Station	0.0
	Bevill's Leam-Black Ham Drain Jct	0.1		MLN Black Ham Drain MLN Old River Nene
	Black Ham Drain	3.0	Bevil's Leam-Black Ham Drain Jct <> Black Ham Pumping Station	MLN Bevill's Leam Mere Mouth to Pumping Station MLN Old River Nene MLN Yaxley Lode
			72 x 13 (22 x 3,96)
	Bevil's Leam-Black Ham Drain Jct	0.0		MLN Bevill's Leam Mere Mouth to Pumping Station MLN Old River Nene
	Black Ham Pumping Station	3.0		MLN Yaxley Lode
	Yaxley Lode	0.6	Yaxley Foot Bridge <> Black Ham Pumping Station	MLN Black Ham Drain
			72 x 13 (22 x 3,96)
	Yaxley Foot Bridge	0.0		--end of navigation--
	Black Ham Pumping Station	0.6		MLN Black Ham Drain
	Old River Nene	26.1	Old River Nene - Black Ham Drain Jct <> Outwell	MLN Bevill's Leam Mere Mouth to Pumping Station MLN Black Ham Drain MLN Whittlesey Dyke MLN Forty Foot River MLN Twenty Foot River MLN New Dyke MLN Ramsey High Lode MLN Popham's Eau MLN Well Creek
			72 x 13 (22 x 3,96)
	Old River Nene - Black Ham Drain Jct	0.0		MLN Bevill's Leam Mere Mouth to Pumping Station MLN Black Ham Drain
	Old River Nene - New Dyke Jct	2.8		MLN New Dyke
1	Lodes End Lock	5.8
		5.8		MLN Ramsey High Lode
		6.6		MLN Forty Foot River
		13.3		MLN Whittlesey Dyke
		22.4		MLN Popham's Eau
2	Marmont Priory Sluice	24.1
	Outwell	26.1		MLN Well Creek
	New Dyke	3.3	Holme <> Old River Nene - New Dyke Jct	MLN Monks Lode MLN Great Raveley Drain MLN Old River Nene
			72 x 13 (22 x 3,96)
	Holme	0.0		--end of navigation--
		1.6		MLN Monks Lode
		2.7		MLN Great Raveley Drain
	Old River Nene - New Dyke Jct	3.3		MLN Old River Nene
	Great Raveley Drain	2.7	Great Raveley Drain Foot Bridge No. 2 <> New Dyke - Great Raveley Drain Jct	MLN New Dyke
			72 x 13 (22 x 3,96)
	Great Raveley Drain Foot Bridge No. 2	0.0		--end of navigation--
	New Dyke - Great Raveley Drain Jct	2.7		MLN New Dyke
	Ramsey High Lode	1.1	Ramsey <> Old River Nene - Ramsey High Lode Jct	MLN Old River Nene
			72 x 13 (22 x 3,96)
	Ramsey	0.0		--end of navigation--
	Old River Nene-Ramsey High Lode Jct	1.1		MLN Old River Nene
	Well Creek	5.4	Outwell <> Salter's Lode Junction	MLN Old River Nene River Great Ouse - New Bedford River River Great Ouse - Large Tidal Section
			72 x 13 (22 x 3,96)
	Outwell	0.0		MLN Old River Nene
1	Salter's Lode Lock	5.4
	Salter's Lode Junction	5.4		River Great Ouse - New Bedford River River Great Ouse - Large Tidal Section
	Popham's Eau	2.3	Three Holes <> Old River Nene - Popham's Eau Jct	MLN Sixteen Foot River MLN Middle Level Main Drain MLN Old River Nene
			72 x 13 (22 x 3,96)
	Three Holes	0.0		MLN Sixteen Foot River MLN Middle Level Main Drain
	Old River Nene - Popham's Eau Jct	2.3		MLN Old River Nene
	Twenty Foot River	10.4	Old River Nene - Twenty Foot River Jct <> Angle Corner	MLN Old River Nene MLN Whittlesey Dyke MLN Bevill's Leam: Angle Corner to Pumping Station
			72 x 13 (22 x 3,96)
	Old River Nene - Twenty Foot River Jct	0.0		MLN Old River Nene
	Angle Corner	10.4		MLN Whittlesey Dyke MLN Bevill's Leam: Angle Corner to Pumping Station
Junction of Sixteen Foot River, Popham's Eau and Middle Level Drain (Three Holes)
				photo: canalplan.org.uk/Tim Lewis
	Sixteen Foot River	9.6	Three Holes <> Sixteen Foot Corner	MLN Middle Level Main Drain MLN Popham's Eau MLN Forty Foot River
			72 x 13 (22 x 3,96)
	Three Holes	0.0		MLN Middle Level Main Drain MLN Popham's Eau
	Sixteen Foot Corner	9.6		MLN Forty Foot River
	Forty Foot River	10.0	Forty Foot River - Old Bedford River Jct <> Old River Nene - Forty Foot River Jct	River Great Ouse - Counter Wash Drain River Great Ouse - Old Bedford River MLN Sixteen Foot River MLN Old River Nene
			72 x 13 (22 x 3,96)
	Forty Foot River-Old Bedford River Jct	0.0		River Great Ouse - Counter Wash Drain River Great Ouse - Old Bedford River
1	Welches Dam Sluice	0.0
2	Horseway Sluice	1.4
	Sixteen Foot Corner	2.2		MLN Sixteen Foot River
	Old River Nene - Forty Foot River Jct	10.0		MLN Old River Nene
	Monks Lode	2.0	New Dyke - Monks Lode Jct <> Monks Lode Footbridge	MLN New Dyke
	New Dyke - Monks Lode Jct	0.0		MLN New Dyke
	Monks Lode Footbridge	2.0		--end of navigation--
	Middle Level Main Drain	2.0	Three Holes <> Mullicourt Aqueduct	MLN Sixteen Foot River MLN Popham's Eau
			72 x 13 (22 x 3,96)
	Three Holes	0.0		MLN Sixteen Foot River MLN Popham's Eau
	Mullicourt Aqueduct	2.0		--end of navigation--
	Jim Shead's Waterways Information Waterway Gazeteer